The local injection you got was most likely an intradermal injection. It's fairly common to use lidocaine or a saline solution with 0.9% benzyl alcohol (not ethanol) prior to IV placement to reduce pain at the IV site. I doubt very seriously the anesthesiologist injected an ethanol solution directly into your vein as I couldn't imagine what purpose that would serve. I don't doubt that you tasted it though as that has been reported in the past with intradermal injections. Patients have also reported their tongue going numb after getting an intradermal lidocaine injection.
***Note: I am not a doctor (although my brother in law is an anesthesiologist) and this is not medical advice. I'm just trying to ease your mind that IMO you didn't ingest ethanol alcohol from this procedure, thus your sobriety date was not in jeopardy.