On a practical level, until you sort out what you are going to do long term, could you find ways to detach and soothe yourself when he is out on one of those drinking episodes?
I know it's hard and I just think for your own safety it might be best if you didn't have to see him when he comes home in that state.
Could you let him know that you will leave a key out for him (or whatever works) and that you will be in bed and not come down to answer 'banging' on the door?
Could you or he sleep in a spare room on those times?
I definitely don't think looking through his phone is a good idea, especially while he is drunk, or trying to talk to him then.
Perhaps you could even go and stay with friends / family when it happens?
Also Al Anon meetings and other support can help with the detaching part.
Your safety needs to come first.