TB, it's highly unlikely that you would experience withdrawal symptoms after only one day. Codeine is often mixed with paracetamol (acetominophen), the amount of codeine is quite low but the paracetamol dose is relatively high. The initial symptoms of paracetamol overdose are nausea and vomiting. Paracetamol can be quite toxic to the liver, so it's likely to hit alcoholics a little harder. If you start to feel worse, please go to the ER without delay.
Codeine overdose would make you feel very drowsy. I'm not a doctor, so please, if you don't start to feel better soon, go see one.